Token Tax

What is the 'token tax' and how does it create downstream accuracy disparities across languages?

What primarily causes the 'token tax' for low resource languages in BPE tokenizers?

Define 'fertility' as a tokenizer metric and explain why high fertility for a language is both a fairness and a model performance problem.

According to tokenizer fairness research, if a language's fertility doubles, what typically happens to downstream model accuracy?

What most inflates token count for European languages compared to English in a BPE tokenizer trained on English dominant data?

PremiumHow does tokenizer fertility…

Predict the approximate token count difference between 'Hello world' and its Arabic equivalent 'مرحبا بالعالم' in a GPT-4 tokenizer.